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WHAT IS
TURBINEDAR'S
PRODUCT
DIFFERENCES?
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Water cutting, laser
cutting, CNC frieze ,Wire
cutting, CNC plasma cutting
Magnetic testing, NDT,
testing equipment. Lath
machine with 12 meter length
and working diameter of 3
meter.Vertical lath with
diameter of up to 3.5m and
height of 5m radial drill
with working diameter
of8m.Boring up to 1.6 m,
plate lath 3m diameter and
thickness up to 10 cm and
length of 12 meter flat
surface. Brake press
length 4000mm,thickness
30mm,cutting sheet plate
3000mm,thickness
20mm, Rolling machines,
dynamic and transportable
balancing machine.
Ultrasonic equipment plasma,
water and laser cutting
machines. |
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Crystallizers:
In chemical
engineering crystallization occurs in a
crystallizer. Crystallization is a unit
operation through which a chemical compound,
dissolved in a given solvent, precipitates under
certain conditions to allow successive
separation between the phases..
In this activity, our work focuses on the
crystallization of solutions and not on the melt
crystallization. Our expertise covers the three
types of
crystallization process:
We presses the know-how and expertise for all
types of crystallization equipment: with total
or partial classification, involving the
recirculation of the magma, with or without
settling zones.
Vacuum Pan /
Crystallizer:
Standard liquor to vacuum pan
To achieve a uniform and repeatable crystallization
the concentration of standard liquor should be kept
constant. K-Patents Process Refractometer is used in
this purpose to automatically control the addition
of this juice to the high melter. The typical
measurement range is between 65 to 80 Brix.
Vacuum crystallizers
are used to produce anhydrous dextrose.
The Turbinedar developed vacuum crystallizer,
also called a Vacuum Pan, is for production of both
anhydrous dextrose and sugar (sucrose). The core of
the crystallization is however not only the design
of the crystallizer itself - but also the DSSE VP7,
a PLC controlled processor unit which controls the
growth of crystals.
Advantages
Controlled crystallization
Bigger and more uniform crystals
Less fines
Reduced colour formation
High yield of crystals
Forced
Circulation Crystallizer
Figure 1 shows a continuous forced circulation
crystallizer. It is much like a simple forced
circulation evaporator, but it includes specific
features to allow correct crystallization,
namely:
an "active volume", designed case by case, to
get both required residence time for crystal
growth and mother liquor desupersaturation;
a given agitation (recirculation rate) rated to
control the extent of supersaturation arising
from the evaporation, and to keep the
temperature difference in the heat exchanger
within reasonable limits;
a special design of the liquid-vapor separation
area to minimize the carry over losses and avoid
the formation of an excessive amount of fines,
which is highly detrimental to crystal growth.
Depending upon
specific process requirements, additional
devices can be provided. They are:
internal baffles, used mainly for excess mother
liquor overflow and /or withdrawal of fines when
crystal growth is slow or disturbed by
impurities build-up (see Figure 2),
elutriation leg, to improve product purity and to
deliver a narrow crystal size distribution ,
an internal scrubbing section to reduce to very low
value the carry over losses, or even to provide
stripping or absorption devices when a volatile
compound must be recovered.
Figure 2 Continuous Forced Circulation Crystallizer
Forced circulation crystallizers are of the (Mixed
Suspension Mixed Product Removal) MSMPR type and
operate either on controlled or "natural" slurry
density depending upon process requirements and/or
unit material balance.
These units can be either single or multiple effect
and the vapor recompression concept (either thermal
or mechanical) is often applied. Usually, they
operate from low vacuum to atmosphere pressure.
As a rule, these units are used for high evaporation
rates and when crystal size is not of the utmost
importance or if crystal grows at a fair rate.
Almost any material of construction can be
considered for the fabrication of these
crystallizers.
It is worth bearing in mind that the heating element
is omitted for vacuum cooling crystallizers.
Typical products are:
NaCl (food or technical grade)
KNO3
Na2, SO4, K2 SO4
NH4Cl
Na2CO3H2O
Citric acid
When the problem of scaling impedes the process of
concentration, a design similar to the one described
above is proposed. This applies for CaSO4 saturated
solutions, like fertilizer grade phosphoric acid,
demineralization effluents, vinasses,…
Induced Circulation
Crystallizer
The kestner
induced circulation crystallizer design has been
recently developed to provide additional
agitation of the active volume of forced
circulation crystallizers with the use of only
one pump.
This Kestner unit, as shown in Figure 6,
operates similarly to a Draft Tube Baffle
crystallizer but without the internal agitation
device. The main applications are for
evaporative crystallization cases. The unit also
operates according to the Mixed Suspension Mixed
Product Removal (MSMPR) principle and all
options described for the other designs are of
course available for this concept. The equipment
is able to produce a narrow crystal size
distribution. Like other designs, it can be
fabricated in almost any material of
construction. Performances and product quality
are equivalent to those of a Draft Tube Baffle
unit designed to the same specification, but
appear to be limited to non-vaqueros solutions
as the induced flow would be quite limited when
the mother liquor exhibits a high viscosity.
it has been
successfully applied to the following
productions:
NaCl
NH4ClO4
NH4Cl
Oslo Type
Crystallizer
Oslo type
crystallizer also called
classified-suspension crystallizer is the
oldest design developed for the production
of large, coarse crystals.
The basic design criteria are twofold:
desupersaturation of the mother liquor by
contact with the largest crystals present in
the crystallization chamber
keeping most of the crystals in suspension
without contact by a stirring device, thus
enabling the production of large crystals of
narrow size distribution
The equipment is schematically shown in
Figure 3.
The
classifying crystallization chamber is the
lower part of the unit. The upper part is
the liquor-vapor separation area where
supersaturation is developed by the removal
of the solvent (water for most
applications). The slightly supersaturated
liquor flows down through a central pipe and
the supersaturation is relieved by contact
with the fluidized bed of crystals. The
desupersaturation occurs progressively as
the circulating mother liquor moves upwards
through the classifying bed before being
collected in the top part of the chamber.
Then it leaves via the circulating pipe and
after addition of the fresh feed, it passes
through the heat exchanger where heat
make-up is provided. It is then recycled to
the upper part.
Additional devices, such as described for
the forced circulation crystallizer, are of
course available.
It is worth bearing in mind that the
operating costs of the Oslo type
crystallizer unit are much lower than with
any other type when both large and coarse
crystals are required. Since crystals are
not in contact with any agitation device,
the amount of fines to be destroyed is lower
and so is the corresponding energy
requirement.
This Oslo type crystallizer (classified -
suspension crystallizer) allows long cycles
of production between washing periods.
In addition to usual process operations, the
Oslo type crystallizer has also found a
number of interesting applications, e.g. for
reaction-crystallization and for
separation-crystallization when several
chemical species are involved.
Most of the Oslo type crystallization units
are of the "close type." However, the "open"
type (refer to Figure 4) is worth to be
considered when very large settling areas
are required or when the vessel must be
fabricated out of high cost alloys or
metals.
Typical products are:
(NH4)2 SO4
Na2SO4
AgNO3
hydrated mono sodium glutamate
mono ammonium phosphate (MAP)
Draft Tube
Baffle Crystallizer
The Draft
Tube Baffle Crystallizer is an elaborated
Mixed Suspension Mixed Product Removal (MSMPR)
design, which has proven to be well suited
for vacuum cooling and for processes
exhibiting a moderate evaporation rate. The
concept is such that if no (or little) heat
make-up is required, it results in a rather
compact arrangement; therefore the initial
investment is minimized.
As a rule, these units operate with a rather
low supersaturation, which is sometimes a
limitation to crystal growth, so that very
large crystals can be produced only by
providing extensive and costly dissolving of
fines.
The Draft Tube Baffle unit (Figure 5)
includes a baffled area (settling zone),
peripherical to the active volume, from
where excess of mother liquor and/or fines
are removed for further processing. The
necessary agitation of the suspension mixed
with the incoming feed solution is provided
by a bottom entry agitation at moderate
energy consumption.
Draft Tube Baffle crystallizers are often
equipped with an elutriation leg below the
body to classify the crystals.
When destruction of fines not needed or
wanted, baffles are omitted and the internal
circulation rate is set to have the minimum
nucleating influence on the suspension
(Draft Tube design, draft-tube
crystallizer).
When large evaporation rates are required,
an external heating loop must be provided,
making the arrangement less competitive from
an initial cost standpoint.
The Draft Tube Baffle Crystallizer, which
can be considered when crystallization can
be achieved with natural suspension has
proven to be well suited to many
applications such as:
boric acid
Na2SO4. 10H20 (Glauber salt)
melamine
citric acid
NaCIO3
Advantage:
- Sugar -Salt
-Chemical &
mineral
industry
-Oil & Gas ,
petrochemical industry
- Drug
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ALBUM |
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Importing new technology
from well-known European
companies.
Meanwhile supplying
different production to most
Iranian related industries
and services in field of
mechanic, automation
electronic, lab instrument,
and NDT activities to
petrochemical oil
refineries, pipe line, and
food in the field of:
sugar, starch, glucose, dextrose, Fructose , DIARY, chemical and Mine
industries. |
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